Complex regulatory effect of noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation on the trigeminal autonomic reflex

Takeaway

  • The modulatory effect of noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation comprises a complex network that includes the hypothalamus and spinal trigeminal nuclei.

Why this matters

    Little is known about the regulatory mechanism of noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation. These findings further our understanding of the modulatory effect underlying vagus nerve stimulation that has demonstrated efficacy in cluster headache.